You can access all these programs by going through START/RUN or Simply Click Windows Key+r

1. SQL Client Configuration - cliconfg

2. System Configuration Editor - sysedit

3. System Configuration Utility - msconfig

4. System File Checker Utility (Scan Immediately)- sfc /scannow

5. System File Checker Utility (Scan Once At Next Boot)- sfc /scanonce

6. System File Checker Utility (Scan On Every Boot) - sfc /scanboot

7. System File Checker Utility (Return to Default Setting)- sfc /revert

8. System File Checker Utility (Purge File Cache)- sfc /purgecache

9. System File Checker Utility (Set Cache Size to size x)-sfc/cachesize=x

10. System Information - msinfo32.

11. Task Manager – taskmgr

12. System Properties - sysdm.cpl

13. Task Manager – taskmgr

14. TCP Tester - tcptest

15. Telnet Client - telnet

16. Tweak UI (if installed) - tweakui

17. User Account Management- nusrmgr.cpl

18. Utility Manager - utilman

19. Windows Address Book - wab

20. Windows Address Book Import Utility - wabmig

21. Windows Backup Utility (if installed)- ntbackup

22. Windows Explorer - explorer

23. Windows Firewall- firewall.cpl

24. Windows Magnifier- magnify

25. Windows Management Infrastructure - wmimgmt.msc

26. Windows Media Player - wmplayer

27. Windows Messenger - msmsgs

28. Windows Picture Import Wizard (need camera connected)- wiaacmgr

29. Windows System Security Tool – syskey

30. Windows Update Launches - wupdmgr

31. Windows Version (to show which version of windows)- winver

32. Windows XP Tour Wizard - tourstart

33. Wordpad - write

34. Password Properties - password.cpl

35. Performance Monitor - perfmon.msc

36. Phone and Modem Options - telephon.cpl

37. Phone Dialer - dialer

38. Pinball Game - pinball

39. Power Configuration - powercfg.cpl

40. Printers and Faxes - control printers

41. Printers Folder – printers

42. Private Character Editor - eudcedit

43. Quicktime (If Installed)- QuickTime.cpl

44. Real Player (if installed)- realplay

45. Regional Settings - intl.cpl

46. Registry Editor - regedit

47. Registry Editor - regedit32

48. Remote Access Phonebook - rasphone

49. Remote Desktop - mstsc

50. Removable Storage - ntmsmgr.msc

51. Removable Storage Operator Requests - ntmsoprq.msc

52. Resultant Set of Policy (XP Prof) - rsop.msc

53. Scanners and Cameras - sticpl.cpl

54. Scheduled Tasks - control schedtasks

55. Security Center - wscui.cpl

56. Services - services.msc

57. Shared Folders - fsmgmt.msc

58. Shuts Down Windows - shutdown

59. Sounds and Audio - mmsys.cpl

60. Spider Solitare Card Game - spider

61. Malicious Software Removal Tool - mrt

62. Microsoft Access (if installed) - access.cpl

63. Microsoft Chat - winchat

64. Microsoft Excel (if installed) - excel

65. Microsoft Frontpage (if installed)- frontpg

66. Microsoft Movie Maker - moviemk

67. Microsoft Paint - mspaint

68. Microsoft Powerpoint (if installed)- powerpnt

69. Microsoft Word (if installed)- winword

70. Microsoft Syncronization Tool - mobsync

71. Minesweeper Game - winmine

72. Mouse Properties - control mouse

73. Mouse Properties - main.cpl

74. Nero (if installed)- nero

75. Netmeeting - conf

76. Network Connections - control netconnections

77. Network Connections - ncpa.cpl

78. Network Setup Wizard - netsetup.cpl

79. Notepad - notepad

80. Nview Desktop Manager (If Installed)- nvtuicpl.cpl

81. Object Packager - packager

82. ODBC Data Source Administrator- odbccp32.cpl

83. On Screen Keyboard - osk

84. Opens AC3 Filter (If Installed) - ac3filter.cpl

85. Outlook Express - msimn

86. Paint – pbrush

87. Keyboard Properties - control keyboard

88. IP Configuration (Display Connection Configuration) - ipconfi/all

89. IP Configuration (Display DNS Cache Contents)- ipconfig /displaydns

90. IP Configuration (Delete DNS Cache Contents)- ipconfig /flushdns

91. IP Configuration (Release All Connections)- ipconfig /release

92. IP Configuration (Renew All Connections)- ipconfig /renew

93. IP Configuration(RefreshesDHCP&Re-RegistersDNS)-ipconfig/registerdns

94. IP Configuration (Display DHCP Class ID)- ipconfig/showclassid

95. IP Configuration (Modifies DHCP Class ID)- ipconfig /setclassid

96. Java Control Panel (If Installed)- jpicpl32.cpl

97. Java Control Panel (If Installed)- javaws

98. Local Security Settings - secpol.msc

99. Local Users and Groups - lusrmgr.msc

100. Logs You Out Of Windows - logoff.....

101. Accessibility Controls - access.cpl

102. Accessibility Wizard - accwiz

103. Add Hardware - Wizardhdwwiz.cpl

104. Add/Remove Programs - appwiz.cpl

105. Administrative Tools control - admintools

106. Adobe Acrobat (if installed) - acrobat

107. Adobe Designer (if installed)- acrodist

108. Adobe Distiller (if installed)- acrodist

109. Adobe ImageReady (if installed)- imageready

110. Adobe Photoshop (if installed)- photoshop

111. Automatic Updates - wuaucpl.cpl

112. Bluetooth Transfer Wizard – fsquirt

113. Calculator - calc

114. Certificate Manager - certmgr.msc

115. Character Map - charmap

116. Check Disk Utility - chkdsk

117. Clipboard Viewer - clipbrd

118. Command Prompt - cmd

119. Component Services - dcomcnfg

120. Computer Management - compmgmt.msc

121. Control Panel - control

122. Date and Time Properties - timedate.cpl

123. DDE Shares - ddeshare

124. Device Manager - devmgmt.msc

125. Direct X Control Panel (If Installed)- directx.cpl

126. Direct X Troubleshooter- dxdiag

127. Disk Cleanup Utility- cleanmgr

128. Disk Defragment- dfrg.msc

129. Disk Management- diskmgmt.msc

130. Disk Partition Manager- diskpart

131. Display Properties- control desktop

132. Display Properties- desk.cpl

133. Display Properties (w/Appearance Tab Preselected)- control color

134. Dr. Watson System Troubleshooting Utility- drwtsn32

135. Driver Verifier Utility- verifier

136. Event Viewer- eventvwr.msc

137. Files and Settings Transfer Tool- migwiz

138. File Signature Verification Tool- sigverif

139. Findfast- findfast.cpl

140. Firefox (if installed)- firefox

141. Folders Properties- control folders

142. Fonts- control fonts

143. Fonts Folder- fonts

144. Free Cell Card Game- freecell

145. Game Controllers- joy.cpl

146. Group Policy Editor (XP Prof)- gpedit.msc

147. Hearts Card Game- mshearts

148. Help and Support- helpctr

149. HyperTerminal- hypertrm

150. Iexpress Wizard- iexpress

151. Indexing Service- ciadv.msc

152. Internet Connection Wizard- icwconn1

153. Internet Explorer- iexplore

154. Internet Setup Wizard- inetwiz

155. Internet Properties- inetcpl.cpl

This is one of my favorite tweaks as it makes a huge difference to how fast your machine will 'feel'. What this tweak does is remove the slight delay between clicking on a menu and XP displaying the menu.



Go to Start then Run
Type 'Regedit' then click 'Ok'
Find "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\Desktop\"
Select "MenuShowDelay"
Right click and select "Modify'
Reduce the number to around "100"
This is the delay time before a menu is opened. You can set it to "0" but it can make windows really hard to use as menus will open if you just look at them - well move your mouse over them anyway. I tend to go for anywhere between 50-150 depending on my mood.

Disable CD Autorun

( WinXP PRO Only)

1) Click Start, Run and enter GPEDIT.MSC

2) Go to Computer Configuration, Administrative Templates, System.

3) Locate the entry for Turn autoplay off and modify it as you desire.


Speed Up Browsing


When you connect to a web site your computer sends information back and forth. Some of this information deals with resolving the site name to an IP address, the stuff that TCP/IP really deals with, not words. This is DNS information and is used so that you will not need to ask for the site location each and every time you visit the site. Although Windows XP and Windows XP have a pretty efficient DNS cache, you can increase its overall performance by increasing its size. You can do this with the registry entries below:

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Dnscache\Parameters]
"CacheHashTableBucketSize"=dword:00000001
"CacheHashTableSize"=dword:00000180
"MaxCacheEntryTtlLimit"=dword:0000fa00
"MaxSOACacheEntryTtlLimit"=dword:0000012d

Make a new text file and rename it to dnscache.reg. Then copy and paste the above into it and save it. Merge it into the registry.


DISABLE INDEXING SERVICES

Indexing Services is a small little program that uses large amounts of RAM and can often make a computer endlessly loud and noisy. This system process indexes and updates lists of all the files that are on your computer. It does this so that when you do a search for something on your computer, it will search faster by scanning the index lists. If you don't search your computer often, or even if you do search often, this system service is completely unnecessary. To disable do the following:

1. Go to Start
2. Click Settings
3. Click Control Panel
4. Double-click Add/Remove Programs
5. Click the Add/Remove Window Components
6. Uncheck the Indexing services
7. Click Next

OPTIMISE DISPLAY SETTINGS

Windows XP can look sexy but displaying all the visual items can waste system resources. To optimize:

1.Go to Start
2. Click Settings
3. Click Control Panel
4. Click System
5. Click Advanced tab
6. In the Performance tab click Settings
7. Leave only the following ticked:
- Show shadows under menus
- Show shadows under mouse pointer
- Show translucent selection rectangle
- Use drop shadows for icons labels on the desktop
- Use visual styles on windows and buttons



SPEEDUP FOLDER BROWSING

You may have noticed that everytime you open my computer to browse folders that there is a slight delay. This is because Windows XP automatically searches for network files and printers everytime you open Windows Explorer. To fix this and to increase browsing significantly:

1. Open My Computer
2. Click on Tools menu
3. Click on Folder Options
4. Click on the View tab.
5. Uncheck the Automatically search for network folders and printers check box
6. Click Apply
7. Click Ok
8. Reboot your computer


REMOVE THE DESKTOP PICTURE

Your desktop background consumes a fair amount of memory and can slow the loading time of your system. Removing it will improve performance.

1. Right click on Desktop and select Properties
2. Select the Desktop tab
3. In the Background window select None
4. Click Ok

DISABLE UNNECESSARY SERVICES

Because Windows XP has to be all things to all people it has many services running that take up system resources that you will never need. Below is a list of services that can be disabled on most machines:

Alerter
Clipbook
Computer Browser
Distributed Link Tracking Client
Fast User Switching
Help and Support - (If you use Windows Help and Support leave this enabled)
Human Interface Access Devices
Indexing Service
IPSEC Services
Messenger
Netmeeting Remote Desktop Sharing (disabled for extra security)
Portable Media Serial Number
Remote Desktop Help Session Manager (disabled for extra security)
Remote Procedure Call Locator
Remote Registry (disabled for extra security)
Remote Registry Service
Secondary Logon
Routing & Remote Access (disabled for extra security)
Server
SSDP Discovery Service - (Unplug n' Pray will disable this)
Telnet
TCP/IP NetBIOS Helper
Upload Manager
Universal Plug and Play Device Host
Windows Time
Wireless Zero Configuration (Do not disable if you use a wireless network)
Workstation
To disable these services:

Go to Start and then Run and type "services.msc"
Doubleclick on the service you want to change
Change the startup type to 'Disable"

REMOVE ANNOYING DELETE CONFIRMATION MESSAGES

Although not strictly a performance tweak I love this fix as it makes my machine 'feel' faster. I hate the annoying 'are you sure?' messages that XP displays, especially if I have to use a laptop touchpad to close them. To remove these messages:

1. Right-click on the 'Recycle Bin' on the desktop and then click 'Properties'

2. Clear the 'Display Delete Confirmation Dialog' check box and click 'Ok'

If you do accidently delete a file don't worry as all is not lost. Just go to your Recycle Bin and 'Restore' the file.

To convert a FAT partition to NTFS, perform the following steps.

Click Start, click Programs, and then click Command Prompt. In Windows XP, click Start, click Run, type cmd and then click OK.

At the command prompt, type CONVERT [driveletter]: /FS:NTFS. Convert.exe will attempt to convert the partition to NTFS.

Orkut cute

Orkut cute a software by which you can browse orkut.
This is an awesome software with which you can do many tricks like:

1. Send a same scrap to all your friends (Best thing is along with hyperlink!!! Yes, This software can bypass the word check!!!)
2. Start a same topic in all your communities.

3.Get Notifications Like "New Profile View", "New Scrap

DOWNLOAD

Scrapboy

Scrapboy enables you to send and receive instant scraps from your friends without a web browser. It gives you more Convenience and speed while scrapping.

Scrapboy is generally known as Orkut Messenger. You can send your scraps instantly, just like chatting.

DOWNLOAD

'Orkut Official Toolbar'

Friends I Call This as 'Orkut Official Toolbar' (Not actually official). This makes navigation in orkut easier by providing user friendly buttons in the menus.

This also provides additional Pop up blocker, Email alerting, Search box and a Radio.

If this virus infected in you computer, It will Disable the following …

Task Manager, Registry Editor, Folder Options, Run in start menu

And it will create exes like the icon of folders. If this virus is running it will use more than 50 % of your processor

Type about:config in the address bar, Then look for the following entries, and make the corresponding changes.

1. network.http.max-connections-per-server =32
2.network.http.max-persistent-connections-per-proxy =16
3. network.http.max-connections = 64
4.network.http.max-persistent-connections-per-server = 10
5.network.http.pipelining = true
6.network.http.pipelining.maxrequests = 200
7.network.http.request.max-start-delay = 0
8.network.http.proxy.pipelining = true
9.network.http.proxy.version = 1.0

Fedora is a Linux-based operating system that showcases the latest in free and open source software. Fedora is always free for anyone to use, modify, and distribute. It is built by people across the globe who work together as a community: the Fedora Project.


Fedora Free Media Program is a volunteer initiative under Fedora Distribution Project that aims to distribute Fedora Media (DVDs) for free to individuals who can't afford to buy or download.


REQUEST HERE

Edubuntu is a complete Linux-based operating system, freely available with community based support. The Edubuntu community is built on the ideas enshrined in the Edubuntu Manifesto: that software should be available free of charge, that software tools should be usable by people in their local language and despite any disabilities, and that people should have the freedom to customise and alter their software in whatever way they see fit. These freedoms make Edubuntu fundamentally different from proprietary software: not only are the tools you need available free of charge, you, and thousands of developers around the world, have the right to modify and build upon your software until it works exactly the way you want it to. Many people around the world exercise this right. And you can expect many improvements with each new release of Edubuntu.

The Edubuntu Promise

The team behind Edubuntu makes the following public commitment to its users:

• Edubuntu will always be free of charge, and there is no extra fee for the "enterprise edition", we make our very best work available to everyone on the same Free terms.
• Edubuntu includes the very best in translations and accessibility infrastructure that the Free Software community has to offer, to make Edubuntu usable by as many people as possible.
• Edubuntu is released regularly and predictably; a new release is made every six months. You can use the current stable release or the current development release. Each release is supported with security updates for at least 18 months.
• Edubuntu is entirely committed to the principles of free and open source software development; we encourage people to use free and open source software, improve it and pass it on.

Kubuntu is an official derivative of Ubuntu using the KDE environment instead of GNOME. It is part of the Ubuntu project and uses the same underlying system. It is an exciting distribution that showcases the full potential of the KDE desktop. Kubuntu shares the same repositories as Ubuntu, and relies on the same underlying architecture.

The K Desktop Environment

A powerful graphical desktop environment, combines the ease of use, contemporary functionality, and outstanding graphical design with the technological superiority of the Kubuntu operating system. KDE version 3.5.5 is the current stable release and Kubuntu 6.10 is the first distribution to include it.

Photo Management

Digikam is now included by default. This advanced digital photo management application provides you with the tools necessary to view, manage, edit, enhance, organise, tag and share photographs. Organising both photos and photo albums is a snap with Digikam as it allows you to sort chronologically, by directory layout, or by custom collections.

Power Management

Kubuntu received a new power management overhaul with the latest release. Guidance, the power management system, allows users to select various functions to control the power of their portable computing system, whether it is controlling the brightness of the display during low battery, locking the system upon closing the lid or controlling access to multiple batteries.

Easy Networking and Printer Sharing

Zeroconf and print sharing let you browse the local network for available services. Both are now simple to setup and maintain requiring nothing more than ticking a box to enable the feature.

Accessibility Profiles

Kubuntu now offers users the ability to use a preconfigured accessibility profile depending on the type of disability right from the initial point of setup. This provides users the accessibility features they need in order to not only install the Kubuntu 6.10 operating system but to use the system on a daily basis for all of their computing needs. Press F5 at the CD boot screen to choose a profile.

Kubuntu is available for PC, 64-Bit and Mac architectures.

Ubuntu is a free, Debian derived Linux-based operating system.

Ubuntu is available free of charge

Ubuntu comes with full commercial support from Canonical and hundreds of companies around the world.

Ubuntu CDs contain only free software applications

Features:

OpenOffice - A complete productivity suite

Word Processor has everything you would expect from a modern, fully equipped word processor or desktop publisher. It's simple enough for a quick memo, powerful enough to create complete books with contents, diagrams, indexes, etc. You're free to concentrate on your message - while Word Processor makes it look great. The Wizards feature takes all the hassle out of producing standard documents such as letters, faxes, agendas, minutes, or carrying out more complex tasks such as mail merges.

Spreadsheet is the programme you've always wanted. Newcomers find it intuitive and easy to learn; professional data miners and number crunchers will appreciate the comprehensive range of advanced functions. Of course, you are free to use your old Microsoft Excel spreadsheets, or save your work in Excel format for sending to people who still use Microsoft products. If all they want to see is your results, then use Portable Document Format (.pdf) - no need to buy any extra software.

Presentation is an outstanding tool for creating effective multimedia presentations. Your presentations will stand out with 2D and 3D clip art, special effects, animation, and high-impact drawing tools. A complete range of views are supported: Drawing / Outline / Slides / Notes / Handouts to meet all the needs of presenters and audiences, plus an optional multi-pane view to put all the tools at your fingertips.

Integrated email and calendaring

Whether you need to simply check your email, create a calendar or search for a contact, Evolution can help you.

See your email the way you want it. Search Folders let you save intelligent searches which can display groups of email according to your specified criteria. Create Search Folders to combine mail from different mail accounts into a single view, quickly view all mail from your boss (or a particular friend).

Easy note-taking with Tomboy

Tomboy is a desktop note-taking application. It is simple and easy-to-use, but with potential to help you organise the ideas and information you deal with every day. Tomboy relates notes and ideas together. Using a wiki-like linking system, organising ideas is as simple as typing a name.

Safe, easy and tabbed web browsing

Firefox is a powerful, award-winning and standards compliant web browser. With tabbed browsing you'll be able to use one window to view all your web pages.

With Firefox you get inline spell check support in web forms, restore session that crashed, built in phishing detectors, better support for previewing and subscribing to web feeds, enhanced search engine management with built in OpenSearch support, and much more.

Easy editing and uploading of photos

F-spot enables you to import your photos from your hard drive, camera (including PTP type), or iPod, and supports 16 common files types, including JPEG, GIF, TIFF, RAW. Your photos can be tagged for searching and grouping. Other features include fullscreen and slideshow modes.

Editing photos in F-Spot is a breeze. Easily rotate, crop, resize, and adjust red eye and other colour settings with a few simple clicks, and versioning ensures your originals are never altered. You can also enter descriptions of photos that are saved in the actual file so other people and programmes will be able to see them, whether they use F-Spot or not.

Music and videos

Rhythmbox media player has a number of features that let you easily store, search and browse your music library and listen to internet radio. You can also view films, or videos, using Totem which features a play list, a full-screen mode, seek and volume controls and keyboard navigation.

You can download Ubuntu, or request a free CD from Canonical.

System Requirements

Ubuntu is available for PC, 64-Bit and Mac architectures. The Alternate installation CDs require at least 256 MB of RAM (the standard installation CD requires 384MB of RAM). Install requires at least 3 GB of disk space.

REQUEST HERE

Recuva (pronounced "recover") is a freeware Windows utility to restore files that

have beenaccidentally deleted from your computer. This includes files emptied

from the Recycle bin as wellas images and other files that have been deleted by

user error from digital camera memory cardsor MP3 players. It will even bring

back files that have been deleted by bugs, crashes and viruses!


DOWNLOAD IT NOW

Video MSU Cartoonizer VirtualDub

GMX - PhotoPainter is a software that transform images into handmade drawings.

Styles Include:

• Watercolor painting
• Crayon Painting
• Pen & Ink
• Oil Painting
• Pointillism
• Pastel Colors
• Unlimited Custom Styles

TeraCopy is a compact program designed to copy and move files at the maximum
possible speed, providing the user a lot of features

Features:

• Copy files faster
• Pause and resume file transfers.
• Error recovery
• Interactive file list.
• Shell integration.

Copy Cat is software which skips bytes which are not readable from cd.

DOWNLOAD IT

Some times due to a virus ur registry editing will be disabled.

Here is a VBScript file(size 1kb) which will enable or disable registry editing.

By this u can enable registry editing again.

DOWNLOAD IT

One common gripe I hear about Windows is how sometimes a USB device will no longer be recognized by the system when you plug it in.

This is generally due to a problem with the hardware manifest or the "device tree" in Windows, and there's a fairly simple solution.



1. Unplug all the USB devices that don't absolutely have to be there (i.e., your mouse and keyboard can stay).

2. Boot Windows in Safe Mode.

3. Open the Device Manager and look for everything in the USB Devices or Universal Serial Bus Controllers category.

4. Delete everything in that category.

5. Shut down and reboot the system normally. Windows will then re-install the USB controllers.

6. Re-add your USB devices. They should be recognized properly, although you may need to provide drivers for them if Windows can't find them in its own driver repository.

There is a setting located in your windows registry called the Maximum Transfer Unit (MTU).

This determines the size of the packets of data sent between your and your server. In Windows

95, this setting is has a value of 1,500 bytes when the actual size of internet packets is 1,000

bytes. This can sometimes slow things down. To remedy the situation, simply follow these steps:

In the registry editor (Start > Run > regedit.exe), navigate to

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Class\NetTrans. In the

NetTrans folder you should find another folder named "000x" in which x represents a fourth

digit. Right-click on the "000x" folder and select New and StringValue. Rename the item that

appears in the panel on the right side to MaxMTU, then double-click it to bring up the Edit

String box and give it a velue of 1002.

allow me to introduce OfficePoltergeist 1.1, the simplest way to terrorize the people who dwell in the cubes around you.
What does OfficePoltergeist do?

Install the OfficePoltergeist server on a victim's computer and you can take possession of it. Use OfficePoltergeist to:

* Play spooky sounds
* Open or close cd drives
* Transmit text through your victim's keyboard
* Make windows shake
* Turn monitors on and off
* Move windows slightly left and right
* Send popup alert messages

OFFICEPOLTERGEIST IS NOT SPYWARE.

While OfficePoltergeist does allow you to take limited control of another person's computer, it does not allow remote users to read data or execute potentially harmful commands.

The goal is to be obnoxious, but not destructive.

OfficePoltergeist does not install itself or remain in memory after the game is over. While the OfficePoltergeist server does run as stealthily as it can to avoid the victim's attention, OfficePoltergeist is totally gone when the user restarts his or her machine.
How does OfficePoltergeist work?

OfficePoltergeist sets up a small server running on the victim's machine. The program, which hides in memory while it runs, waits silently for a connection on port 666.

With the OfficePoltergeist Controller, you can be the poltergeist:

OfficePoltergeist controller

When you're done, shutdown the server on the remote victim's computer.

Leave no trace... just like a real poltergeist!

If you want to give it a try on your own machine before unleashing it on your friends and coworkers, it should work just fine. Hit some buttons... play around. You'll figure it out. Believe me, it ain't rocket science.

officePoltergeist IS a trojan. DOWNLOAD IT NOW

it contains two softwares

OfficePoltergeist Controller - controls the poltergeist
* OfficePoltergeist Server - runs on the victim's machine
* mem86control.exe - same as above, only named something clever to evade detection.

Official distributions

These Ubuntu variants simply install a set of packages different from the original Ubuntu, but since they draw additional packages and updates from the same repositories as Ubuntu, all of the same software is available for each of them.

* Ubuntu is a complete Linux-based operating system, freely available with both community and professional support. It is developed by a large and open community.

* Kubuntu is an official derivative of the Ubuntu Linux distribution using the KDE environment instead of the default GNOME environment used by default in Ubuntu. It has a predictable 6 month release cycle and is part of the Ubuntu project.

* Edubuntu is a complete Linux-based operating system targeted for primary and secondary education. It is freely available with community based support. The Edubuntu community is built on the ideas enshrined in the Edubuntu Manifesto: that software, especially for education, should be available free of charge and that software tools should be usable by people in their local language and despite any disabilities. Since version 8.04, Edubuntu has now been named Ubuntu Education Edition and has been made as an add-on for the Ubuntu operating system.

* Xubuntu is an official derivative of the Ubuntu open source operating system, using the Xfce desktop environment. Xubuntu is intended for use on less-powerful computers or those who seek a highly efficient desktop environment on faster systems, and uses mostly GTK+ applications.

* Ubuntu Studio is a multimedia creation flavor of Ubuntu. Ubuntu Studio is aimed at the audio, video and graphic enthusiast as well as professional. The project aims to provide a suite of the best open-source applications available for multimedia creation.

* Gobuntu is an official derivative of the Ubuntu operating system, aiming to provide a distribution consisting entirely of free software, it was officially announced by Mark Shuttleworth on July 10, 2007, and daily builds of Gobuntu 7.10 began to be publicly released.

* Mythbuntu provides an Ubuntu based and MythTV based distribution that is easy to configure, maintain, and use.

* Ubuntu JeOS (pronounced as "juice"), is described as "an efficient variant [...] configured specifically for virtual appliances".

* Ubuntu Mobile and Embedded Edition is an embedded operating system designed for use on mobile devices. The operating system will use Hildon from maemo as its graphical frontend.

* Ubuntu Netbook Remix, to be released later in 2008, is an official derivative of Ubuntu designed for netbooks using the Intel Atom processor.

Unofficial distributions

Unofficial variants and derivatives are not controlled or guided by Canonical and are generally forks with different goals in mind.


* Alinex, a Portuguese distro, developed by the University of Évora.

* andLinux, A Linux distribution running on Microsoft Windows natively.

* Cubuntu, A command line version of Ubuntu

* eeeXubuntu, a variant of Xubuntu for the storage-constrained Asus Eee PC

* Fluxbuntu, light-weight, standards-compliantand featuring the Fluxbox window manager. The project’s primary goal is to develop an operating system that would run on a wide range of mobile devices and computers, both low-end and high-end.

* Freespire incorporates proprietary hardware drivers and software. It also uses the KDE desktop rather than GNOME.

* gNewSense is designed for users who wish to use only free software. It is officially supported and recommended by the Free Software Foundation. The project has also produced a set of scripts that allow anyone to create a free distribution.

* Gnoppix, intended to offer the GNOME desktop environment on a Live CD. Discontinued.

* Goobuntu is a Linux distribution based on Ubuntu that Google uses internally. It is not released outside Google.

* gOS early versions used the Enlightenment window manager, featuring Google Apps and other web-based applications.

* Greenie is a Linux distribution based on Ubuntu and Kiwi and prepared for users in Slovakia and Czech Republic

* Guadalinex, an Ubuntu-based distribution promoted by the local government of Andalucia, Spain, for home users and schools (cf. EduLinux, Skolelinux).
* Impi Linux is South African and focuses on the enterprise and government sector.

* Kanotix is a distribution based on current Debian "stable" aka "Etch", but uses the current "ubuntu" kernel with some patches.. As a result of the cooperation between ubuntu Developers and Kanotix Developer Jörg Schirottke aka "Kano" most of the new patches are implemented in Hardy Heron's kernel, too.

* Linux Mint’s purpose is to produce an elegant, up to date and comfortable Linux desktop based on Ubuntu.

* LinuxMCE (Linux Media Center Edition)is a Kubuntu based distribution that provides in depth HTPC functionality as well as home automation.

* LOUD (LCSEE Optimized Ubuntu Distribution) is an Ubuntu distribution used at West Virginia University. It contains several specialized educational packages as well as its own themes and login manager.

* Maryan Linux Uses the Enlightenment 17 window manager as default window manager, also has Fluxbox and Pekwm ready to use. It is focused on newbies people that come from Windows.

* Molinux is an Ubuntu based initiative to introduce the Castile-La Mancha community in Spain to the information society.

* nUbuntu or Network Ubuntu is a project to take the existing Ubuntu distribution and remaster it as a Live CD and Full Install with tools needed for penetration-testing servers and networks. The main idea is to keep Ubuntu’s ease of use and mix it with popular penetration testing tools. Besides usage for network and server testing, nUbuntu will be made to be a desktop distribution for advanced Linux users.

* OpenGEU is an Ubuntu based distribution with Enlightenment window manager, previously known as Geubuntu.
*
OzOS, Focused on Enlightenment, e17, compiled directly from CVS source. Easy update of e17 is made from CVS updates, by click an icon or from CLI using morlenxus script.

* Protech is a specially designed Linux distribution for security technicians and programmers.

* Ubuntu Eee, a variant of Ubuntu for the storage-constrained Asus Eee PC

Non-Linux distributions

* Nexenta OS is a complete GNU-based open source operating system built on top of the OpenSolaris kernel and runtime

Proxy Servers

A proxy server is a kind of buffer between your computer and the Internet resources you are accessing. They accumulate and save files that are most often requested by thousands of Internet users in a special database, called “cache”. Therefore, proxy servers are able to increase the speed of your connection to the Internet. The cache of a proxy server may already contain information you need by the time of your request, making it possible for the proxy to deliver it immediately. The overall increase in performance may be very high. Also, proxy servers can help in cases when some owners of the Internet resources impose some restrictions on users from certain countries or geographical regions. In addition to that, among proxy servers there are so called anonymous proxy servers that hide your IP address thereby saving you from vulnerabilities concerned with it.

Anonymous Proxy Servers

Anonymous proxy servers hide your IP address and thereby prevent unauthorized access to your computer through the Internet. They do not provide anyone with your IP address and effectively hide any information about you and your reading interests. Besides that, they don’t even let anyone know that you are surfing through a proxy server. Anonymous proxy servers can be used for all kinds of Web-services, such as Web-Mail (MSN Hot Mail, Yahoo mail), web-chat rooms, FTP archives, etc.

Why Should You Use Anonymous Proxy Servers?

Any web resource you access can gather personal information about you through your unique IP address – your ID in the Internet. They can monitor your reading interests, spy upon you and, according to some policies of the Internet resources, deny accessing any information you might need.

You might become a target for many marketers and advertising agencies who, having information about your interests and knowing your IP address as well as your e-mail, will be able to send you regularly their spam and junk e-mails.

A web site can automatically exploit security holes in your system using not-very-complex, ready-made, free hacking programs. Some of such programs may just hang your machine, making you reboot it, but other, more powerful ones, can get access to the content of your hard drive or RAM. Everything a web site may need for that is only your IP address and some information about your operating system.

Using an anonymous proxy server you don't give anybody any chance to find out your IP address and any information about you and use them in their own interests.

For those of you who are average PC users who don't use an anti-trojan scanner, I recommend that you download a2 (a-squared) and scan your PCs weekly. I suspect that you may be surprised at what you'll find. a2 is also pretty good at removing some spyware infections, so bear that in mind the next time you encounter a spyware product that you can't remove with normal anti-spyware products like Ad-Aware.

download it from

EMISOFT WEBSITE

jetico firewall

It rates highest on the leak tests of all firewalls, but I find it awkward to use. It may, however, suit you.

download it from

JETICO WEBSITE



NetVeda Safety.Net firewall


Another tricky product is neveda safety.net firewall

It's performance is quite outstanding and it also offers application control and content filtering.

This highly capable product deserves to be better known, and experienced users should definitely put it on their short list.

download it from

NEVEDA WEBSITE

If you're looking for the best possible protection, MY top recommendation is Avira AntiVir

Personal Edition. Although its detection rate is outstanding, there are some reservations. First,

it lacks the email scanning feature that is only available in the paid version. This means that

AntiVir won't warn you of infected emails before you open them. However, should you open an

infected email, AntiVir will still spring into action, so the absence of an email scanner doesn't

mean that you're not protected from email-based infections.

download it from

avira website

Version: 8.0
Download File size: 21.28MB
License: Freeware
Operating systems supported: Windows 2000 - Vista 64bit
64 Bit Capable: yes
Portable version available: no
Other languages supported: yes
Additional Software Required: no
Author: Avira


AVG has been continuously refined since it was initially released in 1991. The latest version makes further improvements to an already solid product. It now includes spyware, phishing, and email scam protection. Although it has grown considerably in size and is very heavy on resources, its detection rate is also excellent. Regular automatic updates come quickly as before and, despite rumors, the new email scanning feature is not trial limited to 30 days. Free and pro versions are available; the only difference is that the free version has anti-rootkit disabled, provides Linkscanner Lite instead of Linkscanner Pro and has no technical support other than a free user forum .

DOWNLOAD IT FROM

AVAST WEBSITE

Download File size:47.1MB
License: Freeware
Operating systems supported: Windows 2000 - Vista X64
64 Bit Capable: no
Portable version available: no
Other languages supported: no
Additional Software Required: no

Author: Grisoft

BITDEFENDER

A good option for on-demand scanning is the free version of the commercial AV product BITDEFENDER It's a

good product with very good detection rates, but because the free version lacks an email scanner and a

resident virus guard, it's only suitable for use as an on-demand scanner, not as your main AV program. There

are some other limitations as well. It has an annoying habit of detecting malware products that have been

quarantined by other security products, and you can't exclude these areas from subsequent scans. The

program itself is using an old version of the engine, so the detection is slightly weaker. And it's only available

with a one year non-renewable license.

download it from

bitdefender website

Version: 10.0
Download File size: 13.18MB
License: Freeware with registration
Operating systems supported: Windows 2000 - Vista 64bit
64 Bit Capable: yes
Portable version available: yes
Other languages supported: yes
Additional Software Required: None

Author: Softwin

You might need to kill explorer if it stops responding. You would probably open up Task Manager (Ctrl + Alt + Del) or even restart if you were really dumb. The clean way to close explorer is like this:

Go to Start > Turn Off Computer and hold Ctrl + Alt + Shift and press Cancel.

The start bar and desktop will disappear. To start explorer again and get them back, press Ctrl + Alt + Delete to bring up the Task Manager, click New task and type explorer. Press enter to run it.

To Login automatically to a user account, follow the instructions below:

1) Click on Run
2) Type in the following command and click OK

control userpasswords2

3) Highlight the user you want to log into automatically, then uncheck the box for

"Users must enter a username and password to use this computer"

4) Click on Apply and you'll be asked to verify the username and password to log in automatically

5) Click OK and the next time you restart your computer, you'll automatically be logged in without having the classic prompt or Welcome Screen.

If you dont want to use "Fast User Switching", you may want to disable the Welcome Screen. You must be logged in as an Administrator to do this. Note:To do this follow the directions below:

1) Click on Start
2) Click on Control Panel
3) Double-click on User Accounts
4) Click on "Change the way users log on or off"
5) Uncheck "Use the Welcome Screen" (note: this will also disable "Fast User Switching")
6) Click on Apply Options
7) Close the User Accounts window and the Control Panel
8) The next time you reboot your computer, the classic login prompt will be used

Follow these steps:
1. Open command prompt (Start->Run->cmd),
2. Enter the following command, then press ENTER

3. Enter the followin command, then press ENTER:
compmgmt.msc
This should open the computer management console.
4. Go to local users & groups->users. Right click on any user and select "set password".

If you get a "access denied" do the following:

start>run>cmd
then use following commands
1) net user test /add (this command will make test named user)
2) net localgroup administrators test /add (this command will make test user as administrators rights)

and use net user command to reset your admin. password

Adding Favorites in IE
While viewing the site, hold CTRL and press D to add it to your favorites.

* Search in IE
To Open the IE search utility use CTRL and E.

* Searching On A Webpage Using Find in IE
To Open the FIND box to search the current document use CTRL and F.

* History in IE
To Open the History utility use CTRL and H.

* New Browser Window in IE
To Open a new Explorer window use CTRL and N.

* Refresh in IE
Press the F5 key.

* Free up Screen Space in IE
Want to view more of the screen? Get rid of toolbars by pressing the F11 key. To return the toolbars, press F11 again.

* Text Size in IE
Text too small to read. Click Edit...Text Size and choose large or larger to increase the size.

* Screen Capture
Want to capture what you're viewing on screen? Press the Prnt Scrn (Print Screen) key on the keyboard and open Word or PowerPoint. Click Edit...Paste (Ctrl + V).

* Hold Ctr while using the scroll on the mouse wheel and enlarge the text. Holding Shift while using the scroll on the mouse wheel acts as the back arrow button in Internet Explorer. (Thanks to Bill Byles, Internet4Classrooms)

Google

• Advanced Searching

You can not make any folder named any of the following :

CON, PRN, AUX, CLOCK$, NUL, COM1, COM2, COM3, COM4, COM5, COM6, COM7, COM8, COM9, LPT1, LPT2, LPT3, LPT4, LPT5, LPT6, LPT7, LPT8, LPT9

reason :
This is because these are windows inbuilt 'Reserved Device Names' .
Just avoid these words and name anything else

1.Let your PC boot up completely before opening any applications.



2.Refresh the desktop after closing any application. This will remove any unused files from the RAM.



3.Do not set very large file size images as your wallpaper. Do not keep a wallpaper at all if your PC is low on RAM (less than 64 MB).



4.Do not clutter your Desktop with a lot of shortcuts. Each shortcut on the desktop uses up to 500 bytes of RAM



5.Empty the recycle bin regularly. The files are not really deleted from your hard drive until you empty the recycle bin.



6.Delete the temporary internet files regularly.



7.Defragment your hard drive once every two months. This will free up a lot of space on your hard drive and rearrange the files so that your applications run faster.



8.Always make two partitions in your hard drive. Install all large Softwares (like PSP, Photoshop, 3DS Max etc) in the second partition. Windows uses all the available empty space in C drive as virtual memory when your Computer RAM is full. Keep the C Drive as empty as possible.

you to recover the lost bookmarks on Firefox. You can export the bookmarks folder to a specific folder or location using import and export option in Firefox. If you are new computer user, first you should learn about the importance and need of backup, because without backup yon can lose your favorite websites list any time due to any virus, power failure and hard disk problem.



So, what happen if your Firfox's bookmarks suddenly disappear? It is very frustrating and disappointing but don't worry, Firefox actually do this job for you to create automatic backup.

Follow the given steps to retrieve the lost bookmarks list:

Now go to your system C drive and navigate the following path "C:\Documents and Settings\your account name\Application Data\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles\".

Under profiles folder, you will see a folder with random name, in our case this folder name is awrvfkuo.default.

Double click on awrvfkuo.default folder and you will see another folder with name "bookmarkbackups". Here is actual place where firefox store your bookmarks backup.

Now copy the all latest bookmarks detail and go up one level then past it.
Here rename the file to "bookmarks.html" and now your bookmarks should be restored